Air Quality (PM2.5)
Annual mean PM2.5 fine particulate matter concentration in μg/m³ (IQAir/WHO data). PM2.5 particles (<2.5 micrometres) penetrate deep into lungs and bloodstream, causing cardiovascular and respiratory disease. The WHO guideline is 5 μg/m³ — a level only reached by a handful of countries. Long-term exposure above 10 μg/m³ is associated with significantly elevated mortality risk. Clean air leaders: Iceland (4), Finland/Norway/Sweden (5), Canada (5), Switzerland (5), New Zealand (5), Denmark (7). Severe pollution: Bangladesh (65), India (55), Pakistan (52), Egypt (55), Nigeria (52), Mongolia (48), Chad (45). Pollution sources include vehicle emissions, coal burning, industrial activity, dust storms (North Africa, Middle East), and crop burning (South Asia). For long-term residents, air quality is arguably the single most impactful environmental factor on lifespan.
| #↑ | Country↕ | Raw Value↕ | Score↕ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Faroe Islands4 μg/m³ |
4 μg/m³ | 95 |
| 1 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon4 μg/m³ |
4 μg/m³ | 95 |
| 1 | Niue4 μg/m³ |
4 μg/m³ | 95 |
| 1 | Iceland4 μg/m³ |
4 μg/m³ | 95 |
| 5 | Finland5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | Sweden5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | Norway5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | Canada5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | Liechtenstein5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | Andorra5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | San Marino5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | Switzerland5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | Palau5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | Cook Islands5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 5 | New Zealand5 μg/m³ |
5 μg/m³ | 94 |
| 16 | Australia7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Ireland7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Wales7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Northern Ireland7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Scotland7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Denmark7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Estonia7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | United States7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | French Guiana7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Bermuda7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Monaco7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Tuvalu7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Bahamas7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Marshall Islands7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Turks and Caicos Islands7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Cayman Islands7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Barbados7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Tahiti7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Anguilla7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | American Samoa7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | British Virgin Islands7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Antigua and Barbuda7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Grenada7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Wallis and Futuna7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Saint Lucia7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Montserrat7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Saint Kitts and Nevis7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Guam7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Northern Mariana Islands7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | New Caledonia7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Dominica7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Martinique7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Guadeloupe7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 16 | Vanuatu7 μg/m³ |
7 μg/m³ | 92 |
| 51 | Uruguay8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Seychelles8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Suriname8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Guyana8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Russia8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Kiribati8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Belize8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | U.S. Virgin Islands8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Samoa8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Saint-Martin8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Micronesia8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Tonga8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 51 | Costa Rica8 μg/m³ |
8 μg/m³ | 91 |
| 64 | England9 μg/m³ |
9 μg/m³ | 90 |
| 64 | Latvia9 μg/m³ |
9 μg/m³ | 90 |
| 64 | Lithuania9 μg/m³ |
9 μg/m³ | 90 |
| 64 | Luxembourg9 μg/m³ |
9 μg/m³ | 90 |
| 64 | Slovenia9 μg/m³ |
9 μg/m³ | 90 |
| 64 | Portugal9 μg/m³ |
9 μg/m³ | 90 |
| 64 | Japan9 μg/m³ |
9 μg/m³ | 90 |
| 71 | Belarus10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Maldives10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Namibia10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Aruba10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Brunei10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Nauru10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Austria10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Spain10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Gibraltar10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Argentina10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Réunion10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Panama10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Sint Maarten10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Montenegro10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Israel10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Puerto Rico10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Fiji10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 71 | Solomon Islands10 μg/m³ |
10 μg/m³ | 89 |
| 89 | Germany11 μg/m³ |
11 μg/m³ | 88 |
| 89 | Netherlands11 μg/m³ |
11 μg/m³ | 88 |
| 89 | France11 μg/m³ |
11 μg/m³ | 88 |
| 92 | Belgium12 μg/m³ |
12 μg/m³ | 87 |
| 92 | Singapore12 μg/m³ |
12 μg/m³ | 87 |
| 92 | Brazil12 μg/m³ |
12 μg/m³ | 87 |
| 92 | Paraguay12 μg/m³ |
12 μg/m³ | 87 |
| 92 | Mauritius12 μg/m³ |
12 μg/m³ | 87 |
| 92 | Curacao12 μg/m³ |
12 μg/m³ | 87 |
| 92 | São Tomé and Príncipe12 μg/m³ |
12 μg/m³ | 87 |
| 92 | Croatia12 μg/m³ |
12 μg/m³ | 87 |
| 92 | Greece12 μg/m³ |
12 μg/m³ | 87 |
| 101 | Czech Republic14 μg/m³ |
14 μg/m³ | 85 |
| 101 | Ukraine14 μg/m³ |
14 μg/m³ | 85 |
| 101 | Cyprus14 μg/m³ |
14 μg/m³ | 85 |
| 101 | Albania14 μg/m³ |
14 μg/m³ | 85 |
| 101 | Italy14 μg/m³ |
14 μg/m³ | 85 |
| 101 | Chinese Taipei14 μg/m³ |
14 μg/m³ | 85 |
| 107 | Western Sahara15 μg/m³ |
15 μg/m³ | 84 |
| 107 | Macau15 μg/m³ |
15 μg/m³ | 84 |
| 107 | Zanzibar15 μg/m³ |
15 μg/m³ | 84 |
| 107 | Cuba15 μg/m³ |
15 μg/m³ | 84 |
| 107 | Comoros15 μg/m³ |
15 μg/m³ | 84 |
| 107 | Mayotte15 μg/m³ |
15 μg/m³ | 84 |
| 107 | Bhutan15 μg/m³ |
15 μg/m³ | 84 |
| 114 | Madagascar16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Malta16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Gabon16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Hong Kong16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | South Africa16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Sri Lanka16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Slovakia16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Malaysia16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Hungary16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Moldova16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Bulgaria16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Venezuela16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Trinidad and Tobago16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Romania16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Jamaica16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Dominican Republic16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Colombia16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Georgia16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Turkey16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Ecuador16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Papua New Guinea16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 114 | Philippines16 μg/m³ |
16 μg/m³ | 83 |
| 136 | Botswana18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Congo18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Poland18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Zimbabwe18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Congo DR18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Zambia18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Tunisia18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Kazakhstan18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Cape Verde18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Morocco18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Bolivia18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Nicaragua18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Indonesia18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 136 | Chile18 μg/m³ |
18 μg/m³ | 81 |
| 150 | Lesotho20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Swaziland20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Laos20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Korea Republic20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Somalia20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Tanzania20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Honduras20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Algeria20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Mexico20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Serbia20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Bosnia and Herzegovina20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Djibouti20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Kyrgyzstan20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Armenia20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Tajikistan20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 150 | Timor-Leste20 μg/m³ |
20 μg/m³ | 79 |
| 166 | Liberia22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | Cambodia22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | Central African Republic22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | Thailand22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | South Sudan22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | Kenya22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | Jordan22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | Vietnam22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | Mozambique22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | Eritrea22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | North Macedonia22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | Peru22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 166 | El Salvador22 μg/m³ |
22 μg/m³ | 77 |
| 179 | Yemen25 μg/m³ |
25 μg/m³ | 75 |
| 179 | Syria25 μg/m³ |
25 μg/m³ | 75 |
| 179 | Equatorial Guinea25 μg/m³ |
25 μg/m³ | 75 |
| 179 | Oman25 μg/m³ |
25 μg/m³ | 75 |
| 179 | Rwanda25 μg/m³ |
25 μg/m³ | 75 |
| 179 | Turkmenistan25 μg/m³ |
25 μg/m³ | 75 |
| 179 | Azerbaijan25 μg/m³ |
25 μg/m³ | 75 |
| 179 | Guatemala25 μg/m³ |
25 μg/m³ | 75 |
| 187 | Lebanon26 μg/m³ |
26 μg/m³ | 74 |
| 187 | Myanmar26 μg/m³ |
26 μg/m³ | 74 |
| 189 | Kosovo28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Angola28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Guinea-Bissau28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Sierra Leone28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Libya28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Uganda28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Korea DPR28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Burundi28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Uzbekistan28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Malawi28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Palestine28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Iran28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 189 | Haiti28 μg/m³ |
28 μg/m³ | 72 |
| 202 | Cameroon30 μg/m³ |
30 μg/m³ | 70 |
| 202 | United Arab Emirates30 μg/m³ |
30 μg/m³ | 70 |
| 202 | China30 μg/m³ |
30 μg/m³ | 70 |
| 205 | Gambia32 μg/m³ |
32 μg/m³ | 68 |
| 205 | Senegal32 μg/m³ |
32 μg/m³ | 68 |
| 205 | Guinea32 μg/m³ |
32 μg/m³ | 68 |
| 205 | Qatar32 μg/m³ |
32 μg/m³ | 68 |
| 205 | Ethiopia32 μg/m³ |
32 μg/m³ | 68 |
| 210 | Mauritania35 μg/m³ |
35 μg/m³ | 65 |
| 210 | Benin35 μg/m³ |
35 μg/m³ | 65 |
| 210 | Togo35 μg/m³ |
35 μg/m³ | 65 |
| 210 | Bahrain35 μg/m³ |
35 μg/m³ | 65 |
| 214 | Nepal36 μg/m³ |
36 μg/m³ | 64 |
| 215 | Ghana38 μg/m³ |
38 μg/m³ | 62 |
| 215 | Ivory Coast38 μg/m³ |
38 μg/m³ | 62 |
| 215 | Sudan38 μg/m³ |
38 μg/m³ | 62 |
| 215 | Saudi Arabia38 μg/m³ |
38 μg/m³ | 62 |
| 219 | Burkina Faso42 μg/m³ |
42 μg/m³ | 58 |
| 219 | Niger42 μg/m³ |
42 μg/m³ | 58 |
| 219 | Kuwait42 μg/m³ |
42 μg/m³ | 58 |
| 219 | Iraq42 μg/m³ |
42 μg/m³ | 58 |
| 223 | Mali45 μg/m³ |
45 μg/m³ | 55 |
| 223 | Chad45 μg/m³ |
45 μg/m³ | 55 |
| 225 | Mongolia48 μg/m³ |
48 μg/m³ | 52 |
| 226 | Nigeria52 μg/m³ |
52 μg/m³ | 48 |
| 226 | Afghanistan52 μg/m³ |
52 μg/m³ | 48 |
| 226 | Pakistan52 μg/m³ |
52 μg/m³ | 48 |
| 229 | Egypt55 μg/m³ |
55 μg/m³ | 45 |
| 229 | India55 μg/m³ |
55 μg/m³ | 45 |
| 231 | Bangladesh65 μg/m³ |
65 μg/m³ | 35 |






































































































































































































































